August 25 - August 31Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week we explore pivotal moments that have shaped the legacy of the Border Patrol. On August 25, 1921, a significant letter from Secretary of Agriculture Henry Cantwell Wallace to Secretary of Labor James John Davis outlined the challenges of unifying federal law enforcement along the Mexican border—a discussion that highlighted the complexities of early border enforcement efforts. Fast forward to August 26, 1935, when the Immigration and Naturalization Service made a significant funding request to construct a concrete and steel fence along the Nogales, Arizona border, reflecting the ongoing efforts to strengthen U.S. borders. This historical moment underscores the long-standing focus on securing our nation’s boundaries. We also honor the bravery of our agents through the Newton-Azrak Award anniversaries. On August 31, 2001, Border Patrol Agents Jered Bacon and Robert M. Lawler, along with Supervisory Agent Ed Tracy, demonstrated extraordinary courage by rescuing 22 residents from a burning apartment building in Nogales, Arizona. Their quick actions undoubtedly saved lives and highlighted the selflessness that defines the Border Patrol. This week, we also remember the ultimate sacrifices made by Inspector Michael T. Box and Agent Chad E. McBroom. Their dedication to duty and the circumstances surrounding their Line of Duty Deaths on August 29 remind us of the dangers faced by those who protect our borders. Join us as we delve into these stories and more, celebrating the history and heroism that continues to define the U.S. Border Patrol. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESAugust 25
On August 25, 1921, Secretary of Agriculture Henry Cantwell Wallace (1866-1924) wrote a letter to Secretary of Labor James John Davis (1873-1947). The letter explained his non-concurrence to a suggestion that the federal agencies performing law enforcement duties along the Mexican border operate under a single administrative officer. On August 25, 1998, Ray Harris launched the first Delphi forum for Border Patrol Agents and former Agents which would last until February 29, 2020 and grow to more than 7,000 members. It all started with this kick off message by Ray:
August 26 On August 26, 1921, Secretary of the Treasury Andrew Mellon (1855-1937) wrote a letter to Secretary of Labor James John Davis (1873-1947). The letter explained his non-concurrence to a suggestion that the federal agencies performing law enforcement duties along the Mexican border operate under a single administrative officer. Further, this letter identified the six federal agencies that performed law enforcement duties while patrolling the Mexican border:
On August 26, 1935, the Immigration and Naturalization Service drafted a request for $214,227 to build a, "Concrete and steel fence, 5 miles long, at International Boundary, in and adjacent to the town of Nogales, Arizona, to prevent illegal entry and the smuggling of goods into the United States."
On August 26, 1942, El Paso District Director Grover W. Wilmoth (1884-1951) wrote a memo to Chief of the Border Patrol Willard F. Kelly (1903-1969) concerning an earlier phone call that they had. In that phone call, Chief Kelly had suggested that Patrol Inspectors work 12-hour days. Director Wilmoth did not believe it to be a good idea and forwarded the three documents below with his memo:
August 27 On August 27, 1997, [Gustavo De La Viña] was selected as Chief, U.S. Border Patrol, becoming the first Hispanic to hold the most senior position in the Patrol and overseeing a workforce of 6,948 Agents with a budget of $717,389,000.
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Spencer K. Irving - presentation, award certificate, award set Border Patrol Agent Tucson Sector On August 27, 2022, Border Patrol Agent (BPA) Spencer Irving performed heroic actions that saved the life of a fellow Border Patrol agent. Agent Irving’s actions were above and beyond the call of duty and were carried out with complete disregard for his own personal safety. In extreme heat conditions, Agent Irving climbed and descended a mountain range three times to bring water to fellow agents and to rescue a fellow agent, ultimately saving his life. Agent Irving took swift and sensible action to treat the fellow agent, who was suffering from a heat-related emergency, and transported him to an area accessible to emergency medical services. Agent Irving’s actions brought great credit upon himself and the United States Border Patrol. August 28 August 28, 2009, “The U.S. Border Patrol flag is carried into space by Astronaut John Olivas aboard the Space Shuttle Discovery (STS-128 mission) August 28, 2009 - September 11, 2009. Flag is on display at the U.S. Border Patrol Museum.”
August 29 Line of Duty Death anniversary Michael T. Box Date of Birth: August 4, 1901 Entered on Duty: November 25, 1926 Title: Airplane Pilot End of Watch: August 29, 1950 Details: Just after dawn on August 29, 1950, Airplane Pilot Michael T. Box was patrolling by plane in the irrigated farm area about 20 miles north of El Paso, Texas, searching for aliens who had walked through the desert at night and were attempting to get away to the north through the upper Rio Grande Valley. Pilot Box was working with two ground crews who were in radio-equipped jeeps. The operation had netted several aliens and others were being sought when the engine of the aircraft stopped and the plane crashed. It burst into flames; however, fellow officers were able to remove Pilot Box from the aircraft within minutes after the crash occurred. Artificial respiration was commenced immediately and was continued until Pilot Box was pronounced dead by a doctor who lived nearby. Investigation into the accident revealed that the motor of the aircraft ceased apparently due to difficulty in the fuel system. Pilot Box maintained control of the plane as it lost altitude and maneuvered the aircraft into position to make an emergency landing in an irrigation ditch. The aircraft struck a submerged object on the canal bottom upon impact. Pilot Box's seat strap was broken and he was thrown with terrific force into the wheel and instrument panel. He died instantly as his chest and skull were crushed, his jawbone was broken in two places, and both shoulders were broken. Gravesite On August 29, 2019, the USBP issued Interim Wear Guidance for U.S. Border Patrol Honorary Awards that authorized the following to be worn on Ike Jackets, dress shirts and rough duty uniforms. In 2021, the USBP updated its Uniform Policy and incorporated the 2019 guidance. The awards are listed below.
Line of Duty Death anniversary Chad E. McBroom Entered on Duty: February 4, 1997 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: August 29, 2021 Details: Agent McBroom entered on duty on February 4, 1997, as part of the 329th Session of the Border Patrol Academy. At the time of his passing, he was assigned to the Tucson Sector Special Operations Detachment in Arizona. The circumstances of his passing were reviewed by an executive panel and the CBP Commissioner who determined that this death occurred in the line of duty. He is survived by his wife Magaly; children: Jackielynn, Kaya, and Reagan; and parents: Don and Sherry. Gravesite August 30 On August 30, 1924, the Commissioner-General sent a memo to the Second Assistant Secretary in the Department of Labor that began, "A question has arisen concerning the source of authority, if any, possessed by officers connected with the border patrol service who have been given the designation of Patrol Inspector." By law, authority rested with employees who had the title "Immigrant Inspector" who were paid more than Border Patrol Inspectors. In order that Border Patrol Inspectors might receive legal authority without being paid more, the Commissioner-General proposed to resurrect a plan that was used in 1913 for Mounted Watchmen, and to rename Border Patrol Inspectors, Junior Immigrant Inspectors. August 31 On August 31, 1931, Chief of the Border Patrol Ruel E. Davenport (1878-1961) responded via a memo to the National Rifle Association. The response mentions that the Border Patrol shooting team article in The American Riflemen (see page 36 of 50), and that the Border Patrol was unable to send a team to compete in Camp Perry, Ohio due to "economical reasons". The Mexican Government began complaining to the Department of State about the use of canines by the Border Patrol, not based on actual incidents with their nationals, but because of news reports and some of the verbiage used in the reports. Specifically mentioned in a Diplomatic Note dated August 31, 1955 was the term “trapping” used in a news report. Based on the article, the Mexican Government claimed that the Border Patrol was “hunting down and guarding” Mexican nationals with dogs and that the practice had “discriminatory appearances.”
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Jered Bacon Border Patrol Agent Tucson Sector Robert M. Lawler Border Patrol Agent Tucson Sector On August 31, 2001, at about 1:15 a.m., while patrolling the border, Border Patrol Agents Robert M. Lawler, Jered Bacon, and Supervisory Border Patrol Agent Ed Tracy noticed an apartment building fire at 1850 Patagonia Highway near Nogales, Arizona. The agents immediately called for the Nogales Fire Department. The fire spread so quickly that the building was engulfed in flames without warning to the occupants. Realizing that the Nogales Fire Department would not arrive on time, and being the only individuals in the area, the agents took immediate action. Without regard for their own safety, the agents risked their lives to evacuate the building. Most of the occupants were sleeping in their beds at the time of the fire. By the time the Nogales Fire Department and the Nogales Police Department arrived, the agents had extracted all 22 occupants from the building, which by then was totally engulfed in flames.
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August 18 - August 24Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week we explore the challenges, heroism, and milestones that have shaped the Patrol. On August 18, 1928, two Patrol Inspectors engaged in a daring interception at Tres Jackals Crossing near Fabens, Texas, showcasing the dangerous and unpredictable nature of border enforcement. Meanwhile, in 1953, a memo from Chief of the Border Patrol Harlon B. Carter addressed concerns about the uniforms of Border Patrol officers, reflecting the ongoing evolution of the agency’s image and professionalism. We also honor the extraordinary bravery of Border Patrol Agent Gary L. Ortega Jr., who on August 18, 2007, risked his life to rescue multiple people from a burning vehicle. His actions exemplify the selflessness and courage that define the Border Patrol. Additionally, we remember the Newton-Azrak Award recipients from August 19, 1997, when a team of agents in the Swanton Sector displayed remarkable heroism during a deadly standoff with an armed assailant. As always, we reflect on the moments of quiet in our history, which remind us of the relentless dedication of those who serve on the front lines. Join us in honoring these stories and more in this week’s blog. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESAugust 18
In the 1920 Annual Report of the Commissioner General of Immigration, it was noted that because of a budget deficit, 32 Mounted Watchmen were furloughed on August 18, 1919, for the balance of the fiscal year and that all were either reassigned to other positions or reinstated as vacancies opened by the beginning of the fiscal year on July 1, 1920.
On August 18, 1928, documents describe that two Patrol Inspectors intercepted a vehicle that had just illegally entered the United States at the Tres Jackals Crossing near Faben, Texas. This report involves a Patrol Inspector jumping on the running board of a moving vehicle, the suspect attempting to gain control of the Inspector's rifle then his pistol, and a mysterious bullet hole in the vehicle's tire.
On August 18, 1953, Chief of the Border Patrol Harlon B. Carter (1913-1991), wrote a Memorandum for the Record concerning Border Patrol uniforms. The memo begins, "Mr. W. F. Kelly has informed me that on his recent trip to California with the Attorney General, and others, one of the very few unfavorable impressions received was that relating to the dress of our officers."
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Gary L. Ortega Jr. Border Patrol Agent El Centro Sector Border Patrol Agent Gary L. Ortega Jr. was recognized for his selfless dedication to duty to ensure the survival of injured and helpless people. On August 18, 2007, on his return to the Indio Border Patrol Station at the conclusion of his shift at the checkpoint on Highway 86 near Westmoreland, California, Agent Ortega encountered a station wagon that had been involved in a single vehicle accident and had rolled into the median and caught on fire. As he approached the vehicle, one injured woman was near the vehicle on her hands and knees, and he could see two children and an elderly man in the rear seat of the vehicle. Agent Ortega assisted the injured woman away from the burning car and then attempt to gain entry through the doors that were jammed shut. He extricated the two children through the rear hatch and returned to help the elderly man who was trapped inside. As the flames spread from the engine compartment to the passenger compartment, Agent Ortega unsuccessfully attempted to break out the windows. Disregarding his own personal safety and without hesitation, he re-entered the rear of the vehicle, and used his collapsible steel baton to pry the seat enough to allow him to pull the elderly man to safety as the entire vehicle had become engulfed in flames. August 19 On August 19, 1924, Spokane District Director Alfred Hampton (1861-1942) wrote a cover memo and included 6-page "Instructions and Suggestions for the Assistance and Guidance of Border Patrol Inspectors". Hampton states, "...considerable doubt and uncertainty exists as to the authority vested in the border patrol officers and the scope of their duties." Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Benjamin M. Batchelder Border Patrol Agent Swanton Sector Stephen A. Brooks Border Patrol Agent Swanton Sector Martin G. Hewson Border Patrol Agent Swanton Sector John C. Pfeifer - photo Patrol Agent In Charge Swanton Sector On August 19, 1997, Carl Drega, a heavily armed and dangerous man, went on a murderous rampage in New Hampshire and Vermont, killing four people, including two New Hampshire State Troopers, a local judge, and a newspaper editor. The chaos culminated in a gun battle involving multiple law enforcement agencies. Patrol Agent in Charge John C. Pfeifer and Border Patrol Agents Benjamin M. Batchelder, Stephen A. Brooks, and Martin G. Hewson, all from the Swanton Sector, played crucial roles in the confrontation with Drega. The agents, along with other officers, responded to a report of Drega’s stolen police cruiser being located in Vermont. As they approached the scene on foot, Drega, who had set up an ambush, opened fire, critically wounding Pfeifer and another trooper. Despite sustaining life-threatening injuries, Pfeifer and the team displayed remarkable courage and determination under fire. Pfeifer sought cover, but was out of reach of immediate help. Agents Batchelder, Brooks, and Hewson, along with other officers, undertook a perilous rescue mission, driving a Jeep to shield them from gunfire as they attempted to extract Pfeifer. As they reached Pfeifer, Drega resumed firing, forcing the rescuers to take cover and engage the suspect. In a final heroic effort, Brooks and a state trooper initiated a frontal assault on Drega’s position. Despite the overwhelming danger, the two officers engaged Drega directly, fatally wounding him and ending the deadly standoff. Their actions, alongside those of Batchelder and Hewson, undoubtedly saved lives and brought a violent and tragic series of events to an end. For their extraordinary bravery and decisive actions in the face of mortal danger, Patrol Agent in Charge John C. Pfeifer, and Border Patrol Agents Benjamin M. Batchelder, Stephen A. Brooks, and Martin G. Hewson were awarded the Newton-Azrak Award. August 20 Today marks a quiet day in USBP history. August 21 On August 21, 1931, Jacksonville District Director Thomas V. Kirk (1862-1947) wrote a memo to the Commissioner-General, reporting the shooting scores for the following employees:
August 21, 2008, “Traditionally Patrol Agents/Inspectors begin their careers on the southern Border. In August of 2008, Class 803 became the first class since 1950 with trainees/interns reporting to the Northern U.S. Border. The graduates would be part of the Northern Border Intern Program.”
August 22 Today marks a quiet day in USBP history. August 23 As part of the deterrent effort and interior repatriation program, the INS and U.S. Border Patrol implemented a “Boatlift” from Port Isabel, Texas to Tampico and Veracruz, Mexico beginning in 1953. The Boatlift was terminated in part due to a disturbance aboard the S.S. Mercurio on August 23, 1956, when 36 Mexicans jumped overboard as the vessel was anchored three to four miles off-shore of Tampico, Mexico, due to engine trouble.
August 24 Today marks a quiet day in USBP history. August 11 - August 17Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week we delve into moments that reflect the bravery, dedication, and evolving legacy of the agency. On August 11, 1933, a team of Border Patrol Inspectors showcased their marksmanship in a Florida police pistol competition, a testament to their skills and the agency’s commitment to excellence. The same day, in 2016, Border Patrol Agent Manuel A. Alvarez tragically lost his life in a vehicle accident near Casa Grande, Arizona, reminding us of the inherent risks in the line of duty. This week also highlights the Newton-Azrak Award actions that exemplify extraordinary courage. Agents Ricardo J. Hernandez and Felix Morales braved dangerous waters to save a father and his children from a submerged SUV on August 15, 2006. Similarly, on August 15, 2023, Border Patrol Agents Jamie Guzman, Rodney Harvey, and Matthew Meyers faced a perilous situation involving Africanized bees while on duty in the Rio Grande River. Their quick thinking and selfless actions saved lives and exemplified the highest standards of service. We honor the memory of Agents Manuel A. Alvarez and Lawrence B. Pierce, both of whom paid the ultimate price while serving our nation. Join us in reflecting on these events and more as we continue to honor the past and present of the U.S. Border Patrol. There’s much more to explore in this week’s blog, where history and heroism are intricately woven together. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESAugust 11
On August 11, 1933, Tampa Sub-district Chief Patrol Inspector Chester C. Courtney (1890-1969) wrote a memo to the Jacksonville District Director. The memo reported the performance of a Border Patrol pistol team that had just competed in the second annual pistol match of the Florida Police Pistol League. Competing for the Border Patrol was:
Line of Duty Death anniversary Manuel A. Alvarez Date of Birth October 12, 1978 Entered on Duty: July 13, 2003 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: August 11, 2016 Details: On August 11, 2016, Border Patrol Agent Manuel A. Alvarez was killed in the line of duty near Casa Grande, Arizona. Agent Alvarez was involved in a vehicle accident and died at the scene. He was 37 years old and assigned to the Casa Grande Station. Agent Alvarez entered on duty July 13, 2003, as a member of U.S. Border Patrol Academy Class 557. He is survived by his wife, four children, parents and two sisters. Gravesite August 12 FLETC Charleston - In January 1996, the initial satellite Border Patrol Academy staff arrived in Charleston and renovation began. “This could easily have been a two-and-a-half-year project, but we got it down in a matter of months” said Deputy Chief Patrol Agent and Facility Director Ron Myers. After building new firing ranges and driving courses, and renovating a half million square feet of building space that houses the barracks, mess hall, and classrooms, the satellite Border Patrol Academy was operational and began training for Session 315 on August 12, 1996.
August 13 On August 13, 1919, Acting Supervisory Inspector George Harris (1876-1941) wrote a memo to the Commissioner-General asking for clarification concerning authorizing the entry of aliens into the United States.
On August 13, 1934, a memo was issued authorizing Patrol Inspectors assigned to the Mexican border to wear rough duty uniforms. The memo describes the uniforms and placement of badges, and ornaments. On August 13, 1945, the Commissioner of the INS sent a memo to the field requesting information concerning the eight-pointed cap being worn by Patrol Inspectors. The Central Office had received information that Patrol Inspectors were dissatisfied with the cap. On August 13, 1954, Los Angeles District Director Herman R. Landon (1899-1985) wrote a memo to the Commissioner of the INS providing three recommendations to hold the gains achieved with Operation Wetback. Each recommendation includes various levels of manpower, equipment, and fencing. August 14 Today marks a quiet day in USBP history. August 15 On August 15, 1918, future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol Frank Berkshire (1870-1934) wrote a 2-page memo concerning the reported presence of German propaganda along the Mexican border. In response, Berkshire detailed "...Inspector Harry B. Hannah (1886-1967) to visit Yuma and vicinity, and to conduct a confidential investigation." Berkshire concluded by stating that the situation "...tends to demonstrate the necessity for a proper border patrol" and suggested that Inspector Hannah’s reports be sent to the Intelligence Division of the Army.
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Ricardo J. Hernandez Border Patrol Agent El Paso Sector Felix Morales III Border Patrol Agent El Paso Sector Border Patrol Agent Ricardo J. Hernandez and Border Patrol Agent Felix Morales were recognized for demonstrating extraordinary courage and valor during the performance of duty on August 15, 2006. Without regard for their own personal safety, Agents Ricardo J. Hernandez and Felix Morales’ quick response to save a father and his minor children from drowning. While assigned to the Checkpoint located on New Mexico Highway 195, the agents were approached by a frantic woman who informed them that water had trapped her husband and two children in their submerged SUV. Agents Hernandez and Morales jumped into the turbulent water and made their way to the vehicle. Agent Morales was swept down the river while holding one of the children. He eventually managed to cling to some brush and hand the child to another person at the scene. Agent Hernandez was able to rescue the other child and father. The father sustained a leg injury after being struck by the rolling SUV, and the children were treated for exposure and shock. Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Jamie H. Guzman - group photo, award certificate, medal set Border Patrol Agent Rio Grande Valley Sector Rodney S. Harvey Border Patrol Agent Rio Grande Valley Sector Matthew S. Meyers - award certificate, statuette Border Patrol Agent Rio Grande Valley Sector On August 15, 2023, members of the Harlingen Station Riverine Unit were attacked by a colony of Africanized bees while conducting riverine duties in the Rio Grande River. Vessel Commander (VC) Orlando Montalvo and Border Patrol Agent (BPA) Jamie Guzman were stung multiple times, resulting in VC Montalvo being rendered unconscious. Heavy hydrilla in the river incapacitated the vessel, setting it adrift. Despite the ongoing bee attacks, BPA Guzman radioed fellow agents, attempted to maneuver the vessel, and administered first aid to VC Montalvo for over 20 minutes, placing her life in grave danger. Responding to BPA Guzman’s call, BPAs Meyers and Harvey created a path to the riverbank and entered the river at great personal risk to swim toward the disabled vessel. They managed to pull it ashore while continuing to endure bee stings. Once ashore, BPAs Meyers and Harvey assessed VC Montalvo’s condition and assisted in extracting him for transport to a nearby hospital. The bravery and dedication demonstrated by Agent Guzman, Agent Meyers, and Agent Harvey brought great credit upon themselves and the United States Border Patrol. August 16 On August 16, 1954, Chief of the Border Patrol Harlon B. Carter wrote a memo as summarize by Joe Banco:
Line of Duty Death anniversary Ricardo Zarate Entered on Duty: February 12, 2009 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: August 16, 2021 Details: Agent Zarate began his service on February 12, 2009, as a member of the 854th Session of the Border Patrol Academy. He later graduated with the 922nd Session of the Academy. At the time of his passing, he was assigned to the McAllen Station in the Rio Grande Valley Sector in Texas. The circumstances of his passing were reviewed by an executive panel and the CBP Commissioner who determined that this death occurred in the line of duty. He is survived by his wife: Crystal; children: Payton and Ezekiel; parents : Benito and Diana; and brothers: Benito Jr., Isaac, and Rodolfo. Gravesite August 17 Another significant directive that Commissioner Swing introduced to the U.S. Border Patrol was a Procedure for Border Patrol Participation in Funeral Services, formally issued on August 17,1954. This milestone document to properly honor our deceased, including Fallen, was prepared by Chief A.S. Hudson of the Central Office. With the directive, procedures to be followed during funerals for members of the U.S. Border Patrol were memorialized for the first time. These included the first formal references to an Honor Guard or Guard of Honor, and a Border Patrol Chaplain.
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Paul Conover Border Patrol Agent Marfa Sector Stanley U. Spencer Senior Patrol Agent Marfa Sector Border Patrol Agent Paul Conover and Senior Patrol Agent Stanley U. Spencer were recognized for their exceptional devotion to duty in the face of grave danger, while pursuing a murder suspect attempting entry from Mexico. On August 17, 1982, Senior Patrol Agent Conover and Senior Patrol Agent Stanley Spencer spotted two individuals crossing the river by boat, and attempted to approach the subjects upon land. Shots were fired by one of the subjects, wounding Agent Conover. Spencer returned the fire and then administered first aid to his partner. Even though Conover was critically injured he continued to return fire wounding the assailant. Conover was hospitalized for eight weeks while recovering from wounds received in the incident. Honor First note - Agent Conover was the USBP's first recipient of the Purple Cross. See the Purple Cross page for his citation which provides greater details. Line of Duty Death anniversary Lawrence B. Pierce Date of Birth September 2, 1946 Entered on Duty: June 23, 1980 Title: Supervisory Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: August 17, 1995 Details: On August 17, 1995, while off-duty in Chula Vista, California, Supervisory Border Patrol Agent Lawrence B. Pierce witnessed an altercation where an innocent man was stabbed to death. Agent Pierce chased down the killer, identified himself as a law enforcement officer, and while attempting to disarm the killer he suffered wounds that resulted in his tragic death. The killer was apprehended, convicted of murder, and was sentenced to 39 years to life in prison. Agent Pierce entered on duty with the U.S. Border Patrol on June 23, 1980, as a member of the 137th session of the Border Patrol Academy, and was assigned to the Campo Station in the San Diego Sector. Agent Pierce was a U.S. Marine Corps veteran and had served with the United States Border Patrol for over 15 years. Gravesite On August 17, 2010, Joe Banco's work came to fruition as the phrase "Honor First" received a trademark.
August 4 - August 10Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week, we delve into several pivotal moments that illustrate the resilience, dedication, and heroism of our agents. On August 4, 1920, Frank Berkshire, the future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol, wrote a significant memo that highlighted the challenges and accomplishments of the early Immigration Patrol, setting the stage for the modern Border Patrol. Fast forward to August 4, 1980, when the dedicated work of the FORBPO bore fruit with the issuance of a Certificate of Incorporation, marking the official tax-exempt status of the U.S. Border Patrol Museum. Heroic acts are also remembered this week, such as Border Patrol Agent Jose M. Martinez’s extraordinary bravery on August 4, 2010. Martinez saved a critically wounded woman during a dangerous domestic disturbance, showcasing the selflessness and courage that define our agents. On August 5, 2012, Agent Travis Creteau demonstrated similar valor by rescuing two children from a submerged vehicle, risking his life in zero-visibility waters to save others. Other Newton-Azrak Award recipients honored this week include James E. Lassiter Jr., Joseph P. Martin, Robert B. LaBelle, Peter R. Moran, Donald A. Peck, Armando Moralez, and Arthur G. Lopez. We also solemnly remember the sacrifices of our fallen agents. This week, we honor the memories of Agents Norman R. Salinas and Marco A. Gonzales, whose dedication to duty ultimately cost them their lives. Their commitment and bravery are a testament to the enduring spirit of the U.S. Border Patrol. Join us in reflecting on these and more historical moments in this week’s blog. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESAugust 4
On August 4, 1920, future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol Frank Berkshire (1870-1934) wrote a strongly worded memo to the Commissioner-General. The memo recommended that the Inspector in Charge in Laredo not attend a meeting scheduled in Galveston, Texas. The memo contained several items of interest:
On August 4, 1942, the U.S. reached an agreement with the Mexican government for the importation of Mexican agricultural workers. The bilateral agreement was officially known as the Mexican Farm Labor Program and would evolve to be the Bracero Program.
The dedicated work of the FORBPO to preserve the history of the U.S. Border Patrol began to bear fruit and on August 4, 1980, when the Texas Secretary of State issued a Certificate of Incorporation Number 527890-1. This certificate identified the Museum as a tax-exempt entity under Section 501 C of the Internal Revenue Code.
Line of Duty Death anniversary Norman R. Salinas Date of Birth: February 18, 1960 Entered on Duty: December 9, 1984 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: August 4, 1986 Details: Border Patrol Agent Norman Ray Salinas died on Monday, August 4, 1986, at approximately 1:20 a.m., when the government van he was driving went out of control on Interstate 35, south of Cotulla, Texas. Agent Salinas was transporting Carlos Martinez Alvarenga, an illegal alien from El Salvador, to the Lasalle County Jail in Cotulla from Laredo. Lasalle County Sheriff Darwin Avant stated that Agent Salinas apparently failed to negotiate a curve. The van left the road running onto a median, rolling over several times before finally bursting into flames. Both Agent Salinas and Martinez Alvarenga were thrown from the van. They were dead before the first officers arrived on the scene. Gravesite Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Jose M. Martinez Border Patrol Agent Buffalo Sector On August 4, 2010, Border Patrol Agent Jose M. Martinez was on patrol near Sackets Harbor, New York, in the Wellesley Island Border Patrol Station’s area of responsibility within Buffalo Sector. At about 0200 hours, Agent Martinez heard an urgent request for assistance from the Jefferson County Sheriff’s Department regarding a domestic disturbance with shots fired in Sackets Harbor. Law enforcement presence in this rural area is minimal at best, with no local police, and few deputies or State Police troopers on duty or nearby in such early morning hours. Area law enforcement agencies depend upon each other for assistance when needed, and this morning was no exception. Agent Martinez was one of the first back-up officers to arrive. Prior to Agent Martinez’ arrival, a male subject had shot his wife multiple times with an assault rifle, leaving her lying critically wounded in the common hallway vestibule of an apartment building. Two Jefferson County Deputies, the only officers then at the scene, had just attempted to rescue the woman, but were forced to retreat when the male subject threatened them at gunpoint from the doorway of his apartment, near where the woman was lying. Understanding this, and in the face of the still threatening active shooter, Agent Martinez demonstrated outstanding courage and volunteered without hesitation to attempt a rescue of the woman. Acting quickly, decisively, and selflessly, Agent Martinez and two deputies made a tactical approach towards the building. As one deputy covered them, Agent Martinez and the other deputy entered the immediate danger area, still threatened by the assailant. They grabbed the motionless and defenseless woman, and dragged her out of the building to safety and a waiting ambulance. Agent Martinez then remained at the scene to assist the local agencies with perimeter security while negotiators attempted to talk the now barricaded assailant out of the building. The subject finally surrendered without further incident when local officers entered the residence at about 0645 hrs. Border Patrol Agent Jose Martinez’ extraordinary bravery and intrepidity in the face of recognized, real, and eminent danger saved the life of Sherry Morris, at the extreme risk of his own life. August 5 On August 5, 1931, El Paso District Director Grover W. Wilmoth (1884-1951) sent the Commissioner-General a memo concerning Border Patrol pistol teams. In the memo, Wilmoth requested the issuance of a challenge to all pistol teams in the Patrol. The Central Office did not issue El Paso District's challenge.
The official design of the USBP patch was finalized on August 5, 1942. The earliest evidence of the patch on a Border Patrol uniform is a photograph from 1944. See this picture* and this document.
August 5, 2018, “Carla Provost was appointed as the 23rd Chief of the United States Border Patrol, becoming the first woman to hold the position.”
Line of Duty Death anniversary Marco A. Gonzales Date of Birth: October 19, 1970 Entered on Duty: November 14, 2005 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: August 5, 2020 Details: Border Patrol Agent Marco A. Gonzales passed away on August 5, 2020. The circumstances of his passing were reviewed by an executive panel and the CBP Commissioner who agreed that this death occurred in the line of duty. Agent Gonzales will be remembered for his diligent service to the nation and for his bravery in the face of danger. BPA Gonzales entered on duty on November 14, 2005, as part of the 606th Session of the Border Patrol Academy. He served as an agent at the Brackettville, Texas Station throughout his career. During his tenure, Agent Gonzales also served his fellow agents as a union representative. Prior to becoming a Border Patrol agent, Agent Gonzales honorably served his country in the U.S. Marine Corps. He is survived by his wife, Maria, three children and his parents. Gravesite Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Travis Creteau - award certificate, photo 1, photo 2, photo 3 Border Patrol Agent San Diego, California On August 5, 2012, at Otay Lakes Reservoir near San Diego, California, Border Patrol Agent Travis Creteau was alerted by frantic bystanders about an SUV submerged in the water with two children trapped inside. He requested emergency services and without regard for his personal safety, immediately dove into the murky, zero-visibility waters to locate the overturned vehicle. Performing beyond the call of duty while facing grave danger, Agent Creteau displayed extraordinary courage as he dove underwater to locate the vehicle where he managed to open a door and locate one of the girls, still strapped in her booster seat. Despite the challenging underwater conditions and doors embedded in mud, he took multiple dives to cut the restraints and bring her to the surface. Unyielding in his rescue efforts, Agent Creteau located the second child after several dives and, successfully freed her from entanglement and brought her to the surface. Exhausted, but compelled to continue assisting, Agent Creteau swam to shore and performed CPR on one of the girls until relieved by emergency medical services. Despite facing intense fatigue, hazardous conditions, and personal risk, he showcased remarkable determination and dedication to saving lives. Agent Creteau's conspicuous heroism and extraordinary courageous actions brought great credit upon himself and the United States Border Patrol. August 6 On August 6, 1913, a job announcement was issued for "Mounted Inspector (Male)".
August 7 Act of August 7, 1946 (60 Stat. 865; 8 U.S.C. 110), which amended the Act of February 27, 1925 (43 Stat. 1049-1050; 8 U.S.C. 110), continuing the basic authorities and finally codifying the following authorities:
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary James E. Lassiter Jr. Immigration Officer Rome District Mr. James E. Lassiter, while on official duty as the Assistant Officer-In-Charge, Nairobi, Kenya, Rome District, Office of International Affairs, courageously saved the life of Foreign Service National employee of the United States Government following the attack of the U.S. Embassy on August 7, 1998. Mr. Lassiter was in an interior section of the main floor of the Embassy when the explosion occurred. Mr. Lassiter was buried under four feet of concrete bricks and ceiling material. He was in total darkness, pinned to the floor from the waist down, and forced to breathe toxic, smoke-filled air. When the smoke and dust cleared, Mr. Lassiter forcibly extricated himself from the heavy rubble and, although in shock, began climbing over bricks, glass, broken furniture, and mangled security bars towards daylight at the rear of the Embassy. When Mr. Lassiter reached the INS office and adjacent foreign commercial Service office areas, he could see that all interior walls had been blown down and broken desks and files were piled from two to eight feet deep. Still in shock, he continued to make his way toward the light when he heard a cry for help from a Foreign Service National employee of the Foreign Commercial Service. When Mr. Lassiter found the employee, he had blood streaming from his head and face and his left hand was partially severed at the wrist. Mr. Lassiter assisted him to his feet, put the Kenyan’s arm around his neck, and helped him to reach the back wall. Mr. Lassiter assisted him in climbing onto a high window ledge and then dragged and verbally directed the employee to crawl approximately 15 feet to a place where they could safely exit the building and then assisted him into an ambulance. Despite severely bruised ribs and a smashed lower leg, Mr. Lassiter remained at the scene to assist in further rescue efforts. He gave direction and information to rescue workers and security personnel regarding those individuals who were present on the main floor at the time of the blast, and the layout and condition of the interior of the main floor. The Foreign Service National Employee was evacuated to Germany for medical treatment and has since regained his eyesight and use of his left hand. Joseph P. Martin (1950-2022) Immigration Officer Rome District Mr. Joseph P. Martin, Officer-in-Charge, Nairobi, Kenya, Rome District, Office of International Affairs, is recognized for his unusual courage and bravery in his reaction to the terrorist bombing of the United States Embassy in Nairobi on August 7, 1998. Mr. Martin was in the Embassy at the time of the explosion and was able to exit the building; however, on three occasions, ignoring his own safety, he returned into the building to assist in the rescue operation of other trapped, injured, and deceased Embassy personnel. Mr. Martin assisted in the evacuation of several Embassy personnel, including the wife of his Assistant Officer-in-Charge. Additionally, concerned about the fate of another INS employee, Mr. Martin returned to the INS area of the building in an attempt to locate her. The INS office was one of the hardest hit at the Embassy; however, Mr. Martin climbed a ladder back into the Embassy in an attempt to ensure the employee’s safety. August 8 On August 8, 1950, the El Paso District entered into a lease agreement with El Paso County for land near Ascarate Park to house the Border Patrol Training School. The lease agreement was for $1.00 per year.
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Robert B. LaBelle Border Patrol Agent Swanton Sector Peter R. Moran Border Patrol Agent Swanton Sector Donald A. Peck Patrol Agent in Charge, Swanton Station Swanton Sector Border Patrol Agent Robert B. LaBelle was recognized for his exceptional courage in rescuing two Canadian residents whose boats had capsized in the midst of one of the most violent summer storms ever experienced in the Lake Champlain region. On August 8, 1983, despite the extremely hazardous and life threatening weather conditions, he, along with Border Patrol Agents Peter Moran and Donald Peck, made numerous attempts before successfully rescuing the victims. Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Armando Moralez Supervisory Border Patrol Agent San Diego Sector On the morning of August 8, 1998, at approximately 8:05 a.m., a serious injury two-vehicle accident occurred at the intersection of Ballantyne and Main in the city of El Cajon. As a result of the accident, one of the vehicles which was occupied by an adult female driver and a three-year-old passenger, burst into flames. Supervisory Border Patrol Agent Armando Moralez was on duty at the time of the two-vehicle accident. As he came upon the scene, he positioned his vehicle to block the traffic flow to keep other vehicles from becoming involved in the accident scene. Upon observing the fire and that the vehicle was occupied, SBPA Moralez immediately retrieved his fire extinguisher from his Border Patrol vehicle and began attempting to extinguish the fire. During this time, SBPA Moralez and other law enforcement officers exposed themselves to the danger of the fire and possible exploding fuel. SBPA Moralez continued to fight the fire until the rescue of the two victims was complete. During this stressful emergency, SBPA Moralez exercised great courage and bravery in the pursuit of a worthwhile objective fully knowing that he was placing himself in imminent peril of loss of life or great bodily injury in the line of duty. August 8, 2002, “The Border Patrol initiated its awards/medals program, laying the foundation for the USBP Honorary Awards Program. Chief Gustavo De La Viña presented the inaugural Purple Cross Medal and Chief’s Commendation Medal in Vermont, recognizing exceptional service and meritorious achievement in line-of-duty actions and security operations.”
August 9 On August 9, 1933, as part of the reorganization that created the Immigration and Naturalization Service, all Border Patrol personnel were separated from the service and temporarily rehired the next day for a maximum of four months. This was the beginning of the Benzine Boards in the Border Patrol.
August 10 On August 10, 1929, El Paso District Director Grover W. Wilmoth (1884-1951) wrote a memo to the Commissioner-General concerning a gunfight that occurred between alcohol smugglers, and Patrol Inspectors Charles W. Hayes and Richard R. Costa. 18 gallons of alcohol were seized. The Inspectors believed that at least one smuggler was injured or killed.
On August 10, 1929, Commissioner-General Harry E. Hull (1864-1938) sent a memo to the Secretary of Labor concerning pay raises for the Patrol Inspectors in District #1 (Montreal District). The memo contains the names, titles, locations, and salaries for the affected employees. Further, it shows that the district had four sub-districts at the time, down from the five it had in 1924. Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Arthur G. Lopez Border Patrol Agent Tucson Sector On August 10, 1995, Border Patrol Agent Arthur G. Lopez displayed unusual courage during an incident in which he was critically wounded by gunfire along the U.S./Mexico international boundary. At approximately 2:00 pm, Agent Lopez proceeded to an area along the border commonly known as Smuggler’s Gulch. He was accompanied by BPA (T) Ronal Wehr and was assigned routine linewatch and patrol duties. Agents Lopez and Wehr observed activity on the Mexican side of the international boundary fence that appeared to be Mexican police chasing individuals on foot. The Smuggler’s Gulch area is a notoriously known canyon leading into the U.S. from Mexico that empties near the residential and business areas of Nogales, Arizona. It is frequently used by organized criminal groups for the purpose of smuggling undocumented foreign nationals, narcotics, and other contraband. It is also a favorite lair for border bandits who prey on their victims (other illegal aliens) as they cross from Mexico into the U.S. As Agents Lopez and Wehr arrived at a high point on the U.S. side of the border that overlooks Smuggler’s Gulch, they observed armed, uniformed individuals chasing and shooting at other individuals. The agents saw these uniformed individuals capture two, and then push and kick one of the people they were chasing. Upon discovering that they were being observed by Agents Lopez and Wehr, at least one of the individuals, later identified as Mexican police officers, began shooting at Agents Lopez and Wehr. BPA Lopez was critically wounded while attempting to run toward the steel border fence for cover. Agent Lopez fell to the ground but was able to crawl to the fence. He continued to give clear verbal instruction to BPA (T) Ronald Wehr the entire time. After ensuring the safety of his trainee partner and himself, Agent Lopez proceeded to call for assistance via his hand-held radio. He informed other units that he had been shot and that he was continuing to receive gunfire from the Mexican police. He verbally directed the responding units to his location, advising them when it was clear to approach and the originating point of the assailant’s gunfire. His calm and composed actions during a very traumatic, critical moment most assuredly contributed to the safety of his partner, the responding units, and likely played a key part in saving his own life, as he was racing the clock against rapid loss of blood. He never lost consciousness, did not panic, and was able to clearly communicate the situation to the benefit of the responding Border Patrol units and other agency units. |
Clifford GillBlog author, retired U.S. Border Patrol Assistant Chief and, current U.S. Border Patrol employee advocate. Ray HarrisSite founder and owner, former Supervisory Border Patrol Agent and retired Immigration Special Agent. Joseph BancoU.S. Border Patrol historian and retired Deputy Chief Patrol Agent. Archives
September 2024
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