November 24 - November 30Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week takes us back to key moments that highlight the bravery, dedication, and sacrifices that define the U.S. Border Patrol. On November 24, 1994, Senior Patrol Agent Robert E. Lindemann demonstrated extraordinary resolve and investigative skills during an international kidnapping incident, locating and rescuing two children abducted from Canada and safely returning them to their mother. We also look to the foundational roots of the Patrol, as a November 25, 1918 memo from George Harris and Frank Berkshire ties their work to the Mills Building in El Paso, the birthplace of Berkshire’s historic proposal for the creation of the Border Patrol. This week’s entries further explore unique facets of Border Patrol history, from promotional pathways in the 1950s to the early challenges of overcrowded detention facilities in the 1910s. We remember and honor those who made the ultimate sacrifice. This week, we commemorate Border Patrol Agent John D. Keenan, who died in a tragic vehicle collision in 1989; Supervisory Border Patrol Agent Martin Barrios and Border Patrol Agent Salvador Martinez Jr., both of whom passed in 2021; and Patrol Agent Oscar T. Torres, who lost his life in a tragic fall in 1974. Their sacrifices underscore the risks taken daily to protect our nation. Additionally, we spotlight the heroic actions of Border Patrol Agent Osbaldo Rios on November 29, 2017. Agent Rios exhibited exceptional bravery, saving his partner’s life and his own by neutralizing an armed threat in a perilous encounter. Join us in this week’s blog as we explore these powerful stories of service, sacrifice, and the evolution of the Border Patrol. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESNovember 24
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Robert E. Lindemann Senior Patrol Agent Detroit Sector On November 24, 1994, two small children were kidnapped in Windsor, Ontario, Canada by a suspect who had three warrants in Canada for Threats to Cause Death and Assault. The suspect, with the abducted children, then illegally entered the United States by running through the Port of Entry at Detroit, Michigan, in his vehicle. Senior Patrol Agent Robert E. Lindemann immediately commenced an investigation into the incident. After a diligent investigation, utilizing numerous sources, Agent Lindemann was able to locate the abducted children in a barricaded house where he safely rescued the children. Agent Lindemann then returned the children back to the Canadian Police authorities and their grateful mother. During this international incident, Agent Lindemann exhibited exemplary self-motivation in initiating this investigation. His professional demeanor in this incident reflects the highest standards of competence of the Border Patrol. November 25 The subject of this document from November 25, 1918 isn’t as important as some of the other information it contains.
Many erroneously believe that U.S. Customs Service was disbanded or dissolved like the Immigration and Naturalization Service. This public law from November 25, 2002, clearly shows that the Customs Service was renamed the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection, not disbanded/dissolved and assigned the U.S. Border Patrol to it (see page 186). November 26 Early documents such as one May 6, 1926, show that a Patrol Inspector’s career path would require becoming an Immigrant Inspector (later renamed an Immigration Inspector) to achieve higher Border Patrol positions. This document from November 26, 1956 demonstrates the difficulties of that promotional approach as different laws were enacted such as those affecting law enforcement retirement. November 27 Line of Duty Death anniversary John D. Keenan Date of Birth: February 11, 1953 Entered on Duty: November 16, 1987 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 27, 1989 Details: At about 3:50 a.m., on November 27, 1989, Border Patrol Agent John D. Keenan was involved in an automobile accident on U.S. Highway 83 at FM-492 near Mission, Texas. He was operating a Service vehicle and was driving east on U.S. Highway 83 when a northbound vehicle travelling at a high rate of speed on FM- 492 failed to yield the right-of-way, causing the accident. Patrol Agent Keenan died at the scene from multiple injuries sustained in the accident. Gravesite November 28 On November 28, 1928, a gunfight occurred in El Paso between two Border Patrol Inspectors and approximately eight alcohol smugglers. This document gives a very brief description of the shooting and how approximately 100 rounds were exchanged. The Patrol Inspectors were:
On November 28, 1951, Harlon Carter (1913-1991), Chief of the Border Patrol 1950-1957 and the first to have graduated the BP Academy, wrote a memo concerning proposed changes to the BP uniform. The memo confirms that:
November 29 The earliest evidence of widespread detention space overcrowding and suggested actions are described in this November 29, 1918 memo written by future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol Frank Berkshire (1870-1934). The detention space overcrowding was driven by the newly enacted Passport Act and regulations (refer to the sources cited in the relevant Wikipedia article for further details). The main solution was to allow aliens to “voluntarily return” when deemed appropriate. As per the Twelfth Supplement to General Order 10 (November 29, 1927), releasing aliens from custody on their own recognizance (OR) has been a practice for many decades. This supplement addresses aliens that were OR’d so that they could voluntarily return to Mexico. On November 29, 1930, District Director Thomas V. Kirk (1862-1947) of the Jacksonville District, sent a manpower report to the Commissioner-General. The report shows the Border Patrol strength and locations in the district. The district had three sub-districts (sectors), Jacksonville, Miami, and Tampa. Oakdale Federal Detention Center, Louisiana - On November 29, 1987, the Cubans released their hostages and surrendered. As part of the negotiations, they demanded that the Border Patrol not participate in the post-release sweep. Two BORTAC agents (Mike Gregg and Bob Hines) participated in the sweep dressed as Bureau of Prison personnel.
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Osbaldo Rios - award set, presentation 1, presentation 2 Border Patrol Agent Tucson, Arizona On November 29, 2017, Three Points Border Patrol Agent Osbaldo Rios displayed exceptional composure and courage, saving the lives of his partner and himself. Agent Rios was performing patrol duties in an area located approximately 50 miles southwest of Tucson, and about 15 miles north of the international border with Mexico. Agent Rios and two partners had responded to a ground sensor activation in a remote canyon of the Baboquivari Mountains when they observed a group of five suspected illegal aliens. As the agents closed in, the suspects scattered in multiple directions. The agents gave chase and three suspects were apprehended. One agent maintained custody of those suspects while Agent Rios and his other partner continued pursuit of the remaining two. His partner observed a suspect and immediately gave chase, physically engaging the suspect as he was attempting to descend a steep embankment. During the physical encounter, Agent Rios partner rolled down the embankment, with the suspect ending atop of him. As the struggle ensued, the suspect struck the agent several times in the face. The event was observed by an Air and Marine Operations aircraft, and relayed to the other agents. During the encounter, the suspect gained control of the agent's sidearm. As Agent Rios approached his partner's location, he observed the suspect with a firearm pointed at his partner. Agent Rios called out to the suspect to draw his attention and avert him from firing. The suspect looked toward Agent Rios, now aiming the weapon at him. Without hesitation, Agent Rios discharged his service weapon, neutralizing the threat. Agent Rios swift and decisive action resulted in preventing the death or injury of his partner, and himself. Line of Duty Death anniversary Martin Barrios Date of Birth: May 1, 1970 Entered on Duty: April 28, 2003 Title: Supervisory Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 29, 2021 Details: SBPA Barrios entered on duty on April 28, 2003, as part of the 548th Session of the Border Patrol Academy. At the time of his passing, he was assigned to the Brian A. Terry Station in the Tucson Sector, Arizona. SBPA Barrios served his country in the United States Navy from 1990 to 1995 prior to joining the United States Border Patrol. The circumstances of his passing were reviewed by an executive panel and the CBP Commissioner who determined that this death occurred in the line of duty. He is survived by his wife Gaby; children: Marty and Samantha; and siblings: Laura and Corina. Obituary November 30 On November 30, 1928, Border Patrol Inspector Herschel W. Patterson (1903-1992) was on annual leave (off-duty) when he engaged alcohol smugglers. Twenty shots were exchanged with no injuries. See this document. The Border Patrol Air Transport fleet and its pilots also became the original “Con Air” in November 1955, when it began flying federal prisoners for the U.S. Bureau of Prisons (BOP). The first flight would take place on November 30, 1955, when 46 federal women prisoners would be transferred from Roanoke, Virginia, to Long Beach, California. The flights would become a regular function of the Border Patrol Air Transport fleet flying routes to BOP facilities at Terminal Island CA, Lompoc CA, La Tuna TX, El Reno OK, Leavenworth KS, Terre Haute IN, New York City NY, and various other federal prisons as needed.
Line of Duty Death anniversary Oscar T. Torres Date of Birth: April 19, 1937 Entered on Duty: June 19, 1969 Title: Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 30, 1974 Details: Patrol Agent Oscar T. Torres was assigned the midnight to 8:00 a.m. shift on November 30, 1974, in the El Paso Station area. At approximately 2:30 a.m., he proceeded to the West Railroad Bridge to assist in opening the gates for a train inbound from Mexico. Agent Torres and Patrol Agent (Trainee) Robert M. Worsham walked onto the bridge to open the gates while Worsham's partner, Patrol Agent Wayne Winn, Jr., remained with an apprehended alien in a Border Patrol vehicle at the end of the bridge. After opening the gates and while walking back toward the vehicle, Agent Torres stumbled and fell headfirst through an opening in the bridge to the river bottom, a distance of 25 feet. The fall was witnessed only by the alien, as Trainee Worsham and Agent Winn were not facing toward Torres when the accident took place. The officers immediately went to the aid of Agent Torres, and an ambulance soon removed him to Providence Memorial Hospital. He expired at 4:55 a.m., the cause of death being listed as concussion. Gravesite Line of Duty Death anniversary Salvador Martinez Jr. Date of Birth: February 22, 1970 Entered on Duty: June 24, 2002 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 30, 2021 Details: Agent Martinez entered on duty on June 24, 2002, as part of the 516th Session of the Border Patrol Academy. At the time of his passing, he was assigned to the Alamogordo Station in the El Paso Sector, Texas. The circumstances of his passing were reviewed by an executive panel and the CBP Commissioner who determined that this death occurred in the line of duty. He is survived by his wife Leonor; daughter: Itzel; Father: Salvador; siblings: Elva and Lourdes; and cousins Border Patrol Agent Jesus Aguilar and CBP Management and Program Analyst Fabian Aguilar Sr. Agent Martinez was preceded in death by his mother Julia. Obituary
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November 17 - November 23Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week we reflect on moments of dedication, bravery, and sacrifice that have shaped the legacy of the U.S. Border Patrol. On November 18, 1928, a significant step toward training Border Patrol inspectors emerged with a reference to a Spanish language book used by agents along the Texas border—a precursor to the robust training programs of today. That same day, Inspector Ivan Scotten faced a dangerous gunfight in El Paso, Texas, foreshadowing the ultimate sacrifice he would make just eight months later in the line of duty. We honor the memory of four agents who lost their lives this week in service to their nation: Autogiro Pilot Ned D. Henderson, who succumbed to injuries on November 18, 1945, after his aircraft crashed; Border Patrol Agent Rogelio Martinez, who tragically passed on November 19, 2017, following severe injuries in the field; and Border Patrol Agent Trainee Thomas K. Byrd, who died in a motorcycle accident on November 21, 1983.. This week also highlights acts of heroism, including Border Patrol Agent Leobardo Jacinto’s lifesaving actions in 2010, as well as the leadership and bravery of four agents recognized for their roles in the 1987 Oakdale and Atlanta Federal Penitentiary riots. Explore these stories and more in this week’s blog, as we continue to honor the enduring commitment and legacy of the U.S. Border Patrol. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESNovember 17
November 18 On November 18, 1928, officers assigned to the Norwich University, Vermont wrote a letter to William W. Husband (1871-1942) who was formerly the Commissioner-General of Immigration and the current Assistant Secretary of the Department of Labor. The letter mentions a "Spanish book used by inspectors at Texas border", which indicates an early initiative to train USBP employees. On November 18, 1928, Border Patrol Inspector Ivan Scotten (1903-1929) was involved in a brief gunfight in El Paso, Texas. This document provides a brief description of the shooting.
On November 18, 1937, a windbreaker jacket was authorized for wear. Line of Duty Death anniversary Ned D. Henderson Date of Birth: December 19, 1905 Entered on Duty: December 26, 1929 Title: Autogiro Pilot End of Watch: November 18, 1945 Details: Ned D. Henderson, Autogiro Pilot, died on November 18, 1945, from injuries he received two days earlier when the autogiro he was piloting crashed near Sullivan City, Texas. Pilot Henderson was enroute to his official station at McAllen, Texas, following a detail to San Antonio. He was alone in the plane when it crashed at about 1:00 p.m., November 16, 1945. A witness to the accident, Mr. Francisco Flores, stated that he noticed the aircraft coming from the west just before or about the time it hit an electric highline. The autogiro hit the ground and turned over about two times before it came to rest. Mr. Flores stopped his truck and ran over to the aircraft. He rushed over to Pilot Henderson, who was rolling on the ground just outside of the autogiro, his clothes and gloves on fire. Mr. Flores extinguished the flames and then improvised a shade from a blanket he had in his truck. Pilot Henderson was later removed to the McAllen Municipal Hospital by ambulance. A physician's certificate indicates that Pilot Henderson suffered extensive burns about the face, neck, arms and legs; fracture of the right arm below the shoulder; and a deep cut across the forehead and right cheek. Death occurred at 1:30 a.m., November 18, 1945, about 36 hours after the accident. Gravesite On November 18, 2000, a six-foot brick memorial was dedicated on California Highway 79 near Oak Grove in northern San Diego County, approximately 20 miles south of Temecula at the site of the abduction of Border Patrol Inspectors Theodore L. Newton, Jr., and George F. Azrak. The monument serves as an eternal reminder of the tragedy that occurred on July 17, 1967. The memorial was initiated, planned, and carried out by U.S. Border Patrol Explorer Post #5150 and their advisors with generous donations from current and retired members of the U.S. Border Patrol and their supporters.
November 19 On November 19, 1929, El Paso District Director Grover Wilmoth (1884-1951) issued a warning to all employees concerning "...useless and harmful talk...". This warning covered modern-day Tucson, El Paso and Big Bend Sectors. It warned of recommendations for a "drastic punishment" and "no leniency" for violations! Line of Duty Death anniversary Rogelio Martinez Date of Birth January 15, 1981 Entered on Duty: August 12, 2013 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 19, 2017 Details: On November 18, 2017, Border Patrol Agent Rogelio Martinez was patrolling along Interstate 10 in a remote area outside of Van Horn, Texas, when fellow agents were alerted that he and another agent were in distress. When fellow agents located Agent Martinez, he was unresponsive and severely injured. Agent Martinez was taken to the local hospital in Van Horn and later transported to a medical center in El Paso, Texas, where he succumbed to his injuries on November 19, 2017. Agent Martinez entered on duty with the U.S. Border Patrol on August 12, 2013, as a member of the 1018th session of the Border Patrol Academy, and he was assigned to the Van Horn Station in the Big Bend Sector. Agent Martinez served with the United States Border Patrol for over 4 years. Gravesite November 20 This November 20, 1930, a memo from Jacksonville District Director Thomas V. Kirk (1862-1947) shows all Border Patrol positions and locations in the State of Florida. There were three sub-districts (sectors), Jacksonville, Miami and Tampa. Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Leobardo Jacinto - photo, photo 2, award set Border Patrol Agent El Centro, CA On November 20, 2010, while off duty, Border Patrol Agent Leobardo Jacinto quickly took action to assist two civilians whose vehicle had driven off the road into a canal. Without regard for his own safety, BPA Jacinto entered the canal and extracted the two occupants from the vehicle before it became completely submerged. He then performed CPR on one of the victims until emergency medical services arrived. BPA Jacinto exemplifies what it means to be a hero and the core values of the Border Patrol. BPA Jacinto's decisive actions brought great credit upon himself and the United States Border Patrol. November 21 On November 21, 1929, El Paso District Director Grover Wilmoth (1884-1951) repeated a warning to all district employees concerning reading unofficial documents and engaging in unofficial conversation. This warning covered modern-day Tucson, El Paso, and Big Bend Sectors. On October 23, 1956, the Hungarian Revolution or Hungarian Uprising began. The first Patrol Inspectors were in place <to assist> on November 21, 1956, when the first plane load of Hungarian refugees arrived at nearby McGuire Air Force Base.
Line of Duty Death anniversary Thomas K. Byrd Date of Birth: September 12, 1954 Entered on Duty: August 19, 1983 Title: Border Patrol Agent (Trainee) End of Watch: November 21, 1983 Details: Border Patrol Agent (Trainee) Thomas K. Byrd was struck by an eastbound vehicle at about 5:00 p.m. on the afternoon of November 21, 1983, when the motorcycle on which he was a passenger, lost control. The owner and driver of the motorcycle, Border Patrol Agent (Trainee) James Hearne, was unable to see a vehicle making a left-hand turn as he and Agent Byrd left the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center to drop off a payment for class T-shirts that had been promised to the vendor by close of business on that date. Apparently, when Agents Hearne and Byrd left the training center, the sun was positioned in front of them in such a manner as to make visibility very difficult. When Agent Hearne realized that a vehicle in front of him was about to make a stop (or turn) it was too late to make a safe stop. Agent Hearne made a correction to the left side of the vehicle in an effort to avoid the collision, but lost control of the motorcycle in the attempt. The motorcycle fell to the ground throwing Agent Hearne into the path of the oncoming traffic. However, Agent Byrd was struck by a vehicle in the oncoming traffic and dragged for some distance. He was rushed to Brunswick Memorial Hospital by ambulance, where all efforts to save him failed. He was pronounced dead at approximately 7:00 p.m. by the attending physician. Both Agents Byrd and Hearne were attending the 151th Session of the U.S. Border Patrol Academy, Glynco, Georgia, when the accident occurred. Border Patrol Agent (Trainee) Byrd was a high academic achiever and was regarded with high esteem by the members of his class. Gravesite On November 21, 1983, Chief of the Border Patrol Roger P. "Buck" Brandemuehl (photo) signed a memo for the Implementation of the Border Patrol Tactical Unit (BORTAC). Oakdale Federal Detention Center, Louisiana - On November 21, 1987, 943 Cubans would riot, taking 28 prison employees hostage and set fire to ten of the fourteen buildings in the detention center complex... On November 22, 1987, twenty-six BORTAC Agents arrived at Oakdale and joined Commander Bill Worley and Deputy Commander Bob Coleman. In addition, members of the McAllen Sector ERT and several other Sector Special Response Teams (SRT) were deployed to contain the riot.
Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Charles J. Kothman Border Patrol Agent New Orleans Sector Craig L. Weinbrenner Border Patrol Agent New Orleans Sector William A. Preston Supervisory Border Patrol Agent New Orleans Sector Robert S. Coleman Jr. Supervisory Border Patrol Agent El Paso Sector Border Patrol Agent Charles J. Kothman, Border Patrol Agent Craig L. Weinbrenner, Supervisory Border Patrol Agent Robert S. Coleman Jr., and Supervisory Border Patrol Agent William A. Preston were recognized for their actions to help control the uprising of Cuban detainees at the Federal Detention Facility in Oakdale, Louisiana, from November 21, 1987 to November 30, 1987. Newton-Azrak Award action anniversary Armando Ledezma Border Patrol Agent Wellton, Arizona For heroic actions to save a deputy and hospital staff from a violent felon. On November 21, 2012, Border Patrol Agent Armando Ledezma was assigned to hospital watch duties at Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma, Arizona. He heard a nurse shouting for security and immediately responded to the room from which the nurse had exited. As he entered the room, he saw a tall, heavyset man moving on the floor. As Agent Ledezma attempted to gain control of the man, he discovered that the subject was an inmate who had pinned an exhausted sheriff’s deputy to the floor and was struggling for the deputy’s holstered service weapon. At great personal risk, Agent Ledezma kept the inmate from getting the deputy’s weapon. Agent Ledezma grabbed one of the inmate’s hands, allowing the deputy to secure his weapon and control the inmate’s other hand. Agent Ledezma then handcuffed the inmate, ending the scuffle. Agent Ledezma’s brave actions and quick thinking saved the deputy from death or injury. November 22 Convicted in the murders of Border Patrol Inspectors Newton and Azrak:
November 23 Atlanta Federal Penitentiary, Georgia - On November 23, 1987, 1,392 Cubans went on a rampage, setting the facility on fire and taking 94 prison staffers hostage in an attempt to negotiate a plan to halt their return to Cuba... On December 1, 1987, Patrol Agents assigned to BORTAC and Sector Emergency Response Teams were pulled from the Oakdale Facility and deployed to the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary where the Cuban prisoners had taken control of a portion of the facility. The riot at the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary had started two days after the Oakdale riot began.
November 10 - November 16Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week, we look back on November 11, 1924, when the El Paso Border Patrol Sub-District participated in the city’s Annual Armistice Day Parade. Agents made their public debut in new uniforms, riding horses borrowed from the Seventh Cavalry at Fort Bliss. This early display of the Border Patrol’s identity was featured in newspapers across the country, marking one of the first public glimpses of the Patrol in uniform, a month before the official issuance of General Order No. 42, the Patrol’s first uniform policy. We also reflect on the final proposal for creating the Border Patrol, submitted by Frank Berkshire, the “Father of the Border Patrol,” on November 12, 1918. Berkshire’s proposal for a force of 264 inspectors for the southern border was approved, although the official creation of the Patrol would come in 1924 after additional planning and funding. Additionally, we look back to November 14, 1960, when Border Patrol Inspectors assisted U.S. Marshals in New Orleans by providing security during the desegregation of public schools. The agents protected African American students as they attended previously segregated schools, following the Supreme Court’s landmark Brown v. Board of Education ruling. This week, we also honor three of the Patrol's fallen: Border Patrol Agent Freddy Ortiz, who tragically passed on November 14, 2023; Patrol Inspector Trainee James M. Kirchner, who lost his life on November 15, 1954; and Border Patrol Agent David Gomez, who passed on November 16, 2016. Their commitment to the mission and ultimate sacrifices remain honored and remembered by the Border Patrol community. Join us in the blog as we explore these stories and more, capturing the dedication and evolution that define the U.S. Border Patrol. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESNovember 10
November 11 On November 11th, 1924, a month prior to the issuance of General Order No. 42, the El Paso Border Patrol Sub-District participated in the City of El Paso’s Annual Armistice Day Parade in their new uniforms and riding on horses borrowed from the Seventh Cavalry at Fort Bliss. The U.S. Border Patrol’s participation in the parade was highlighted in many newspapers across the southern border and a few major cities across the country. The picture shown was posted in many of those publications highlighting the new U.S. Border Patrol.
November 12 On November 3, 1918, future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol, Frank Berkshire (1870-1934) submitted his final proposal for the creation of the Border Patrol which was then sent to the Department of Labor for approval. In this proposal, Berkshire was instructed to submit absolute minimums. He proposed a force of 264 Border Patrolmen for the southern border which, would absorb all Mounted Watchmen.
November 13 On November 13, 1940, the Los Angeles District Director sent a memorandum to the Central Office requesting new construction for the Chula Vista and El Centro Sub-districts (to build new sub-district HQ's). On November 13, 1989, Joint Task Force Six (JTF-6), a multi-service command, was established at Fort Bliss to assist Operation Alliance by coordinating military support for law enforcement counter-drug operations.
November 13, 1989, “The Border Patrol Special Coordination Center (BPSCC) is established on Biggs Army Airfield in El Paso, Texas, providing headquarters and the field with information on available military support for the border, assisting in drafting support requests, and managing the Logistic Support Center (LSC). The LSC would be responsible for acquisition and disposal of excess government equipment similar to a Defense Reutilization Marking Office (DRMO). The focus of the LSC would be the acquisition and distribution of field gear and emergency relief supplies to the field.”
November 14 On November 14, 1918, George Harris (1876-1941), who would go on to serve two non-consecutive terms as the "Chief of the Border Patrol", wrote a memo to the Commissioner-General stating that officers should have greater discretion concerning pursuing criminal charges against those who violated the Passport Act and regulations.
November 14, 1960, “Border Patrol Inspectors assigned to the New Orleans Sector assisted the U.S. Marshal Service in protecting Leona Tate, Ruby Bridges, Tessie Provost and Gail Etienne as they attended elementary school in New Orleans enforcing the Supreme Court affirmation of Brown v. Board of Education ruling desegregating schools under the 14th Amendment allowing black children to attend all-white schools. Patrol Inspectors escorted the children to and from their homes and to two elementary schools. The escorts continued for a year with three to four U.S. Marshals/Border Patrol Inspectors assigned to each school.”
Line of Duty Death anniversary Freddy Ortiz Date of Birth: September 10, 1979 Entered on Duty: September 6, 2010 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 14, 2023 Details Border Patrol Agent Freddy Ortiz, a member of the 948th Session of the U.S. Border Patrol Academy, joined on September 6, 2010, and served at the Tucson Sector's Douglas Station. Before his service with the Border Patrol, he served in the U.S. Navy and continued his commitment in the U.S. Navy Reserve. Agent Ortiz was killed in the line of duty on November 14, 2023. He died in an ATV crash in Douglas, Arizona, while responding to reports of undocumented immigrants near Chino Road and 5th Street. His ATV struck a utility pole along International Drive and overturned, resulting in fatal injuries. He is survived by his mother, Irma; stepfather, Victor; partner, Crystal; and a wide network of family, friends, and colleagues. The Border Patrol community mourns his loss and honors his dedication and sacrifice. Cremated November 15 Line of Duty Death anniversary James M. Kirchner Date of Birth: December 15, 1931 Entered on Duty: November 3, 1954 Title: Patrol Inspector (Trainee) End of Watch: November 15, 1954 Details: While waiting to attend a training session at the Border Patrol Academy that was scheduled to commence in December, Trainee Kirchner and other new appointees were assigned to work with older and more experienced officers in and around El Paso. On November 15, 1954, Trainee Kirchner was assigned to work the 3:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. with Inspector Dove. Trainee Kirchner saw three persons coming from the direction of Mexico. The persons were up in the hills and estimated to be about 1/2 mile away. Inspector Dove and Trainee Kirchner proceeded on foot, separating. Inspector Dove intercepted the suspects and determined that they were of Mexican extraction and citizens of the United States. Trainee Kirchner was observed near the top of the hill and instructed, through hand signals, to return. During the descent, Trainee Kirchner was out of the view of Inspector Dove. When Trainee Kirchner did not return in a reasonable time and did not respond to being called, Inspector Dove began searching for him. Trainee Kirchner was found slumped to the ground, face forward. After a hurried examination, Inspector Dove applied artificial respiration in an effort to revive Trainee Kirchner but was unsuccessful. Leaving one of the citizens with the body. Inspector Dove went to the McNutt Oil Refinery and called Border Patrol Headquarters. He then returned to the scene and waited until Trainee Kirchner's body was removed. Gravesite On November 15, 1956, what is believed to be the USBP's 4th uniform policy was enacted. It is believed that another policy which has never been located was issued in the 1940s. This policy included:
November 16 On November 16, 1905, Jefferson Davis Milton (1861-1947) was permanently appointed as a Chinese Inspector by the Assistant Secretary of Labor (his original appointment was in 1904).
Line of Duty Death anniversary David Gomez Date of Birth November 7, 1972 Entered on Duty: February 12, 1996 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 16, 2016 Details: On November 15, 2016, Agent Gomez suffered a heart attack while on bicycle patrol duty near El Paso, Texas. He subsequently passed away at a local hospital on November 16, 2016. Border Patrol Agent Gomez was assigned to the El Paso Station of the El Paso Sector. He entered on duty on February 12, 1996, as a member of Border Patrol Academy Class 299. He is survived by his wife, three children and parents. Gravesit November 3 - November 9Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! This week, we look back at foundational moments, such as Frank Berkshire’s 1918 proposal for creating the Border Patrol with 264 agents to secure the southern border—a vision that would be realized in 1924. We also uncover one of the earliest mentions of a Border Patrol intelligence unit in a 1925 memo from Detroit. This week, we honor two agents who lost their lives in the line of duty: Border Patrol Agent David N. Webb in 2006 and Supervisory Border Patrol Agent Anibal A. Perez in 2021. We also remember Border Patrol Agent John Charles Gigax, who tragically lost his life in 1999. Although his sacrifice met the criteria for line-of-duty recognition at the time, his death remains unrecognized as such by CBP and the U.S. Border Patrol. His name, however, is honored on the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial. Join us as we explore these events, including historical milestones in the USBP uniform’s evolution and the finalization of the USBP flag design. Dive into the blog for these stories and more that capture the dedication and evolution of the U.S. Border Patrol. Enjoy and have a great week! Cliff P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to [email protected]). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it. THIS WEEK'S USBP ANNIVERSARIES AND MILESTONESNovember 3
On November 3, 1918, future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol Frank Berkshire (1870-1934), submitted his final proposal for the creation of the Border Patrol. In this proposal, Berkshire was instructed to submit absolute minimums. He proposed a force of 264 Border Patrolmen for the southern border which would incorporate all Mounted Watchmen. This proposal would be approved by the Acting Secretary on November 12, 1918. However, implementation wouldn't occur until 1924 after several years of interdepartmental meetings and once funding was received (pg 240). In one of the earliest references to a Border Patrol intelligence unit, the District Director of the Detroit District wrote a memo to the Commissioner-General on November 3, 1925, concerning the excellent results of a sub-district's "so-called "Intelligence Division". Line of Duty Death anniversary David N. Webb Date of Birth: November 24, 1970 Entered on Duty: February 23, 2004 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 3, 2006 Details: On November 3, 2006, Border Patrol Agent David N. Webb was enroute to his normal patrol duties on the Tohono O’odham Nation within the Ajo Station Area of Responsibility. At approximately 5:18 p.m., Agent Webb was involved in a single vehicle accident. Border Patrol Agents working nearby responded to assist Police and emergency medical services personnel at the scene of the accident. Agent Webb did not survive the injuries sustained from the accident. Agent Webb was 36 years old and was a graduate of the 580th session of the Border Patrol Academy. He served his country as a member of the 186th Infantry in the Oregon Army National Guard, where he saw service in the Sinai Desert as a member of a United Nations Peace Keeping Force from May 2002 to February 2003. Burial Details Unknown November 4 On November 4, 1925, a vender wrote a memo to the Commissioner-General concerning Border Patrol and Immigrant Inspector uniforms. November 4, 1940, “The issuance of new Patrol Inspector badges with the Department of Justice seal begins.”
The shoulder epaulets for the supervisory corps of the U.S. Border Patrol would see a redesign in 1992. The redesign would be a complete change of the center design and eagle top from that worn for the last five decades. Gone was the IMMIGRATION BORDER PATROL lettering replaced with BORDER PATROL... On November 4, 1992, Michael Williams, Chief, U.S. Border Patrol, would issue a memorandum on Uniform Insignia Policy, which would spell out the new requirements and reenforce the placement of insignia on the U.S. Border Patrol uniform. The memorandum would also address the changes to the Administrative Manual to reflect the revised insignia. Of interest is that the memorandum was issued from Headquarters Border Patrol (HQBOR) reflecting the change from Central Office – Office of Border Patrol (COBOR) as part of the INS reorganization.
November 5 On November 5, 1998, the U.S. Army Institute of Heraldry finalized the specification sheets for the USBP flag and USBP Pennant. Line of Duty Death anniversary Anibal A. Perez Entered on Duty: June 26, 2006 Title: Supervisory Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 5, 2021 Details: Agent Perez entered on duty on June 26, 2006, as part of the 625th Session of the Border Patrol Academy. At the time of his passing, he was assigned to the Ajo Station in the Tucson Sector, Arizona. The circumstances of his passing were reviewed by an executive panel and the CBP Commissioner who determined that this death occurred in the line of duty. He is survived by his wife Fawna; children: Isabella, Andre, and Milan; parents: Anibal and Dora; and sister: Tara. Cremated November 6 On November 6, 1998, Chief of the Border Patrol Gustavo De La Viña (1939-2009), signed a memo providing clarity concerning the U.S. Border Patrol Uniform. The memo addressed items such as:
November 7 Line of Duty Death anniversary John Charles Gigax - Unrecognized but Unforgotten Date of Birth: June 1, 1972 Entered on Duty: March 17, 1997 Title: Border Patrol Agent End of Watch: November 7, 1999 Details: Border Patrol Agent John Gigax was killed in an automobile crash while he was travelling from a temporary assignment in Washington, DC. Agent Gigax, who was stationed in Laredo, Texas, was driving on I-95, near Doswell, when his department Jeep Cherokee veered off the road and struck the rear of a car carrier parked on the shoulder in Hanover County, Virginia. The Jeep's momentum caused it go over the cab of truck, landing head-first on the pavement. The Jeep broke apart upon impact with the ground, killing Agent Gigax instantly. Agent Gigax had served with the United States Border Patrol for three years. He was survived by his wife and parents. Gravesite
November 8 On November 8, 1918, future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol, Frank Berkshire (1870-1934) submitted his final proposal for the creation of the Border Patrol which was then sent to the Department of Labor for approval. In this proposal, Berkshire was instructed to submit absolute minimums. He proposed a force of 264 Border Patrolmen for the southern border which, would absorb all Mounted Watchmen.
On November 8, 1940, both the Grand Forks and Spokane Districts sent memorandums to the Central Office (INS HQ) requesting new construction for sub-district (sector) headquarters. The Grand Forks request included diagrams of the proposed facility. The Spokane District request was signed by the Chief Patrol Inspectors of the Bonners Ferry and Havre Sub-districts. November 9
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Clifford GillBlog author, retired U.S. Border Patrol Assistant Chief and, current U.S. Border Patrol employee advocate. Ray HarrisSite founder and owner, former Supervisory Border Patrol Agent and retired Immigration Special Agent. Joseph BancoU.S. Border Patrol historian and retired Deputy Chief Patrol Agent. Archives
February 2025
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