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This Week in USBP History, Vol. 116

11/19/2023

Comments

 

November 19 - November 25


LINE OF DUTY DEATH Notification

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Freddy Ortiz
Entered on Duty:                  September 6, 2010
Title:                                       Border Patrol Agent 
End of Watch:                      November 14, 2023

Details
Border Patrol Agent Freddy Ortiz, a member of the 948th Session of the U.S. Border Patrol Academy, joined on September 6, 2010, and served at the Tucson Sector's Douglas Station. Before his service with the Border Patrol, he served in the U.S. Navy and continued his commitment in the U.S. Navy Reserve.

Agent Ortiz was killed in the line of duty on November 14, 2023. He died in an ATV crash in Douglas, Arizona, while responding to reports of undocumented immigrants near Chino Road and 5th Street. His ATV struck a utility pole along International Drive and overturned, resulting in fatal injuries.

He is survived by his mother, Irma; stepfather, Victor; partner, Crystal; and a wide network of family, friends, and colleagues. The Border Patrol community mourns his loss and honors his dedication and sacrifice.

INTRO

Good morning!
 
Welcome to another This Week in USBP History! ​
It’s that time of the year again… With Thanksgiving nearly behind us, we enter a season of giving and appreciation. If you have a special Border Patrol employee or retiree in your life, or if you're a supervisor or manager looking for meaningful end-of-year awards that promote organizational pride, I have the perfect suggestion.

​Let me guide you to a treasure trove of knowledge and history in the books written by retired Deputy Chief Patrol Agent Joseph Banco. These aren't just books; they're windows into the brave world of the U.S. Border Patrol. Below is a closer look at each volume
Joseph Banco's Honor First series of U.S. Border Patrol history books
Joseph Banco's Honor First series of U.S. Border Patrol history books

HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume I
HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume I
HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume I
This volume is a deep dive into the Border Patrol’s beginnings at the turn of the 20th Century, through Prohibition and World War II. It covers the evolution from Mounted Guards to the birth of the U.S. Border Patrol in 1924, revealing the first twenty-five years of service through historical photographs and firsthand accounts.

Click here to purchase - $15.99
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HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume II
HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume II
HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume II
Covering the period of 1949-1974, this volume explores the Border Patrol's role in the Bracero Program, its actions during the Cold War, and its involvement in significant civil rights movements. The book closes with a tribute to the Border Patrol's 50th anniversary and its Fallen Heroes, offering a detailed look at an era of transformation and challenge.

Click here to purchase - $15.99
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HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume III
HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume III
HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume III
The third volume, covering 1975-1999, chronicles the 'Originals' - pioneering figures in Border Patrol history - and the significant expansion and evolution of the agency. From the reimplementation of the Canine and Horse Patrol programs to operations dealing with mass migrations and the onset of the War on Drugs, this volume captures a dynamic period of change and growth.

Click here to purchase - $19.24
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HONOR FIRST: The Unsung Heroes of Oxford
HONOR FIRST: The Unsung Heroes of Oxford
HONOR FIRST: The Unsung Heroes of Oxford
This book is a poignant recount of the Border Patrol’s involvement in the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, focusing on their role during the integration of the University of Mississippi. It's a story of courage and commitment during a tumultuous time in American history.

Click here to purchase - $14.99
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HONOR FIRST: Securing Enemy Aliens - The U.S. Border Patrol During World War II
HONOR FIRST: Securing Enemy Aliens - The U.S. Border Patrol During World War II
HONOR FIRST: Securing Enemy Aliens - The U.S. Border Patrol During World War II
This upcoming volume highlights the Border Patrol's critical role during World War II, from managing enemy alien detention camps to conducting coastal submarine patrols. It's a story of how the Border Patrol's traditional duties expanded significantly in response to global conflict.

Click here to purchase - $19.24
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These books by Joseph Banco are far more than just collections of facts and dates. They are richly woven with personal accounts, historical documents, and photographs that breathe life into the stories of the U.S. Border Patrol. It's this personal touch that makes each volume a compelling read and a valuable piece of history.

As we look forward to the future, let's also keep an eye out for Joe's continuing work. He is currently putting the finishing touches on Volume IV of the "Honor First" series, and a unique project, the USBP Centennial Timeline, both of which promise to be incredible additions to his already remarkable body of work.

Consider gifting the entire set as a meaningful token of appreciation for under $100, or as a distinctive and thoughtful non-traditional award for an employee. These books are more than gifts; they're a way to connect with and celebrate the proud legacy of the U.S. Border Patrol.

And as always, let's remember the importance of supporting the Border Patrol Museum, a non-profit organization that plays a vital role in preserving and sharing our rich history. Their operations rely significantly on private donations and gift shop sales. If you haven’t yet, think about becoming a member for $40 per year. It's a great way to stay connected and receive unique benefits like their annual calendar.

Stay tuned for updates on the release of Volume IV and the USBP Centennial Timeline. And for the latest Border Patrol news and history, make sure to read the Museum’s newsletter, The Green Zone.

Happy holidays to all, and let's continue to honor those who serve and have served with our support and recognition.

In this edition of "This Week in USBP History," we revisit key moments: In 1918, George Harris and Frank Berkshire shape the future Border Patrol from the Mills Building in El Paso. Jump to 1929, where El Paso District Director Grover Wilmoth enforces strict discipline, exemplifying the rigor of the era. The year 1956 showcases the Border Patrol's adaptability during the Hungarian Revolution, while 1987 is marked by the challenging riots at Oakdale and Atlanta Federal Detention Centers, testing the resolve of BORTAC and Emergency Response Teams. The 2002 legislation transforming the Customs Service and the sobering 2003 parole denial of one of the murders of Inspectors Newton and Azrak further highlight the evolving challenges and resilience of the Border Patrol.

This week, we honor seven agents on the anniversary of their Newton-Azrak Award actions.

Also, we solemnly remember two of our fallen on the anniversaries of their deaths. 

Enjoy and have a great week!

​Cliff
P.S. - As an open and continuous invitation to current and former USBP employees, I am always accepting photos to post in the USBP Photo Galleries and in the Upholding Honor First pages. I sure would appreciate you visiting those pages and sending me anything that you think I could post (just send them to cliff@honorfirst.com). As always, make sure to explore all of the hyperlinks to the documents and pages. Finally, please forward this blog to whomever you think may enjoy it.

ESPRIT DE CORPS

The workplace climate resulting from a combination of organizational pride and employee morale.
  • Organizational pride is the positive feeling experienced by employees from being part of a meaningful team that is rich in history, tradition and culture.
  • Employee morale is the feeling experienced by employee based in part on their perception of:
    • Being valued by the organization,
    • Fairly compensated, and
    • Performing meaningful work.
 
Esprit de corps is reinforced through the shared goals, mission and values of the organization and its employees.

The definition turns Esprit de Corps into a simple formula and defines parts that comprise organizational pride and employee morale.

Esprit de Corps = Organizational Pride + Employee Morale

Esprit de Corps is the key to a healthy organization and engaged employees.

​Honor First is foundational to the Border Patrol's organizational pride and integral to its Esprit de Corps.

THROWBACK PHOTO OF THE WEEK

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In Remembrance
​Inspector Jerrel B. Scott and the Spirit of the Border Patrol
​Late 1950s - Early 1960s
This touching photograph from the late 1950s or early 1960s features Inspector Jerrel B. Scott (1911-1976), a dedicated member of the U.S. Border Patrol. His campaign hat, casually tilted back, speaks to the approachable yet vigilant nature that characterized the force during this era. The setting, likely a local cafe or soda shop, represents a snapshot of everyday Americana, where moments of leisure intersected with the responsibilities of duty. In the background, the presence of a young boy, his crew cut and white shirt emblematic of the time, adds a layer of depth, reflecting the innocence and simplicity of the era. This image is not just a portrait of Inspector Scott; it's a window into a bygone period, evoking a sense of nostalgia and respect for the history and evolution of the Border Patrol.

DOCUMENTS AND EVENTS

1918
  • The subject of this document from November 25, 1918 isn’t as important as some of the other information it contains.  
    • This document identifies George Harris (1876-1941), the only “chief” of the Border Patrol to serve nonconsecutive terms, as being the “Assistant Supervising Inspector”.  Approximately 1909-1922, future Chief and Father of the Border Patrol, Frank Berkshire (1870-1934) was the Supervising Inspector of the Mexican Border District.
    • The document also identifies the work location of Harris and Berkshire as the Mills Building in El Paso.  That building is still standing and is the location in which Berkshire authored his proposals to create the Border Patrol in 1918, justifying that the City of El Paso is “Where the legend began”.

1925
  • The subject of this document from November 25, 1925 isn’t as important as some other information it contains.  
    • George Harris (1876-1941) was the District Director of the El Paso District (modern-day Tucson, El Paso, and Big Bend Sectors).
    • A mechanic could be, and indeed was, appointed as an Acting Border Patrol Inspector.

1929
  • On November 19, 1929, El Paso District Director Grover Wilmoth (1884-1951) issued a warning to all employees concerning "...useless and harmful talk...".  This warning covered modern-day Tucson, El Paso and Big Bend Sectors.  It warned of recommendations for a "drastic punishment" and "no leniency" for violations!
  • On November 21, 1929, El Paso District Director Grover Wilmoth (1884-1951) repeated a warning to all district employees concerning reading unofficial documents and engaging in unofficial conversation. This warning covered modern-day Tucson, El Paso and Big Bend Sectors. 

1930
  • This November 20, 1930, a memo from Jacksonville District Director Thomas V. Kirk (1862-1947) shows all Border Patrol positions and locations in the State of Florida.  There were three sub-districts (sectors), Jacksonville, Miami and Tampa.

1956
  • Early documents like this one May 6, 1926, show that a Patrol Inspector’s career path would require becoming an Immigrant Inspector (later renamed an Immigration Inspector) to achieve higher Border Patrol positions.  This document from November 26, 1956 demonstrates the difficulties of that promotional approach as different laws were enacted such as those affecting law enforcement retirement. 
  • On October 23, 1956, the Hungarian Revolution or Hungarian Uprising began.  The first Patrol Inspectors were in place <to assist> on November 21, 1956, when the first plane load of Hungarian refugees arrived at nearby McGuire Air Force Base.
    • From - HONOR FIRST:  The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume II by Joseph Banco

​1983
  • On November 21, 1983, Chief of the Border Patrol Roger P. "Buck" Brandemuehl (photo) signed a memo for the Implementation of the Border Patrol Tactical Unit (BORTAC).

1987
  • Oakdale Federal Detention Center, Louisiana - On November 21, 1987, 943 Cubans would riot, taking 28 prison employees hostage and set fire to ten of the fourteen buildings in the detention center complex...  On November 22, 1987, twenty-six BORTAC Agents arrived at Oakdale and joined Commander Bill Worley and Deputy Commander Bob Coleman. In addition, members of the McAllen Sector ERT and several other Sector Special Response Teams (SRT) were deployed to contain the riot.
    • ​From - HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume Three 1975-1999​ by Joseph Banco​
  • ​Atlanta Federal Penitentiary, Georgia - On November 23, 1987, 1,392 Cubans went on a rampage, setting the facility on fire and taking 94 prison staffers hostage in an attempt to negotiate a plan to halt their return to Cuba... On December 1, 1987, Patrol Agents assigned to BORTAC and Sector Emergency Response Teams were pulled from the Oakdale Facility and deployed to the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary where the Cuban prisoners had taken control of a portion of the facility. The riot at the Atlanta Federal Penitentiary had started two days after the Oakdale riot began.
    • From - HONOR FIRST: The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume Three 1975-1999​ by Joseph Banco​

2002
  • Many erroneously believe that U.S. Customs Service was disbanded or dissolved like the Immigration and Naturalization Service.  This public law from November 25, 2002, clearly shows that the Customs Service was renamed the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection, not disbanded/dissolved and assigned the U.S. Border Patrol to it (see page 186).

2003
  • Convicted in the murders of Border Patrol Inspectors Newton and Azrak:
    • Mationg showed his lack of remorse or regret during a November 22, 2003, interview stating “Self-preservation motivated us. It had to be them or us....I deserved to be released like the others. I served my time. What do you want? Blood out of a rock? I can’t bring those people back.” Mationg would not be paroled and would complete his sentence on December 9, 2010, with his death while still incarcerated.
    • From - HONOR FIRST:  The Story of the United States Border Patrol - Volume II by Joseph Banco

NEWTON-AZRAK AWARD ACTION ANNIVERSARIES

Follow this link to see examples of USBP employees Upholding Honor First.
  • An organization’s values are codified in its awards system. Recognizing the achievements, service and heroism of employees is important.  It is critical for those in positions of leadership to value the workforce.  Awards are a fundamental manner for leaders to demonstrate appreciation to the workforce for upholding the organizational values. – U.S. Border Patrol Honorary Awards
The USBP Newton-Azrak Award Scroll
The USBP Newton-Azrak Award Scroll
1987

Charles J. Kothman

Border Patrol Agent
New Orleans Sector

Craig L. Weinbrenner
Border Patrol Agent
New Orleans Sector

William A. Preston
Supervisory Border Patrol Agent
New Orleans Sector

Robert S. Coleman Jr.
Supervisory Border Patrol Agent
El Paso Sector


Border Patrol Agent Charles J. Kothman, Border Patrol Agent Craig L. Weinbrenner, Supervisory Border Patrol Agent Robert S. Coleman Jr., and Supervisory Border Patrol Agent William A. Preston were recognized for their actions to help control the uprising of Cuban detainees at the Federal Detention Facility in Oakdale, Louisiana, from November 21, 1987 to November 30, 1987.


1994

Robert E. Lindemann

Senior Patrol Agent
Detroit Sector

On November 24, 1994, two small children were kidnapped in Windsor, Ontario, Canada by a suspect who had three warrants in Canada for Threats to Cause Death and Assault.  The suspect, with the abducted children, then illegally entered the United States by running through the Port of Entry at Detroit, Michigan, in his vehicle.
 
Senior Patrol Agent Robert E. Lindemann immediately commenced an investigation into the incident.  After a diligent investigation, utilizing numerous sources, Agent Lindemann was able to locate the abducted children in a barricaded house where he safely rescued the children.  Agent Lindemann then returned the children back to the Canadian Police authorities and their grateful mother.
 
During this international incident, Agent Lindemann exhibited exemplary self-motivation in initiating this investigation.  His professional demeanor in this incident reflects the highest standards of competence of the Border Patrol.  


2010

Leobardo Jacinto
 - photo, photo 2, award set
Border Patrol Agent
El Centro, CA

On November 20, 2010, while off duty, Border Patrol Agent Leobardo Jacinto quickly took action to assist two civilians whose vehicle had driven off the road into a canal.  Without regard for his own safety, BPA Jacinto entered the canal and extracted the two occupants from the vehicle before it became completely submerged.  He then performed CPR on one of the victims until emergency medical services arrived.  BPA Jacinto exemplifies what it means to be a hero and the core values of the Border Patrol.  BPA Jacinto's decisive actions brought great credit upon himself and the United States Border Patrol.


2012

Armando Ledezma

Border Patrol Agent 
Wellton, Arizona

For heroic actions to save a deputy and hospital staff from a violent felon. On November 21, 2012, Border Patrol Agent Armando Ledezma was assigned to hospital watch duties at Yuma Regional Medical Center, Yuma, Arizona. He heard a nurse shouting for security and immediately responded to the room from which the nurse had exited. As he entered the room, he saw a tall, heavyset man moving on the floor. As Agent Ledezma attempted to gain control of the man, he discovered that the subject was an inmate who had pinned an exhausted sheriff’s deputy to the floor and was struggling for the deputy’s holstered service weapon. At great personal risk, Agent Ledezma kept the inmate from getting the deputy’s weapon. Agent Ledezma grabbed one of the inmate’s hands, allowing the deputy to secure his weapon and control the inmate’s other hand. Agent Ledezma then handcuffed the inmate, ending the scuffle. Agent Ledezma’s brave actions and quick thinking saved the deputy from death or injury.

U.S. BORDER PATROL FALLEN ANNIVERSARIES

U.S. Border Patrol Badge with a Mourning Band
U.S. Border Patrol Badge with a Mourning Band
​As of November 14, 2023 the U.S. Border Patrol has suffered 157* fallen.
Titles
  • 3 Mounted Watchmen fell before 1924 and are carried as Border Patrol fallen
  • 50 Border Patrol Inspectors fell between 1924 and 1970
  • 103 Border Patrol Agents have fallen since 1970
  • 1 Enforcement Analysis Specialist
Please spread the word!
The following names hold a distinguished position, as they have made the ultimate sacrifice in their unwavering commitment to uphold the oath each officer took to protect and defend the United States of America.

The facts concerning each officer are presented with minimal editing to preserve the "language of the day" found in the original reports, providing readers with a sense of historical context.

In compliance with the Privacy Act of 1974, the cause of death for employees who lost their lives in the line of duty due to exposure to lethal illnesses will not be disclosed.

​* Please note that although the circumstances surrounding their deaths met the criteria for Line-of-Duty Deaths at the time, Patrol Inspector Garvis Field Harrell and Border Patrol Agent John Charles Gigax are not officially recognized as fallen by either the Customs and Border Protection or the U.S. Border Patrol. Additionally, despite Border Patrol Pilot Howard H. Gay losing his life in the action that earned him the Newton-Azrak Award, his death is not officially recognized either. Nonetheless, HonorFirst.com respectfully recognizes and includes Inspector Harrell and Agent Gigax among those honored as having fallen in the line of duty.
1983

Thomas K. Byrd

Date of Birth:                     September 12, 1954
Entered on Duty:               August 19, 1983
Title:                                    Border Patrol Agent (Trainee)
End of Watch:                    November 21, 1983
 
Details:
Border Patrol Agent (Trainee) Thomas K. Byrd was struck by an eastbound vehicle at about 5:00 p.m. on the afternoon of November 21, 1983, when the motorcycle on which he was a passenger, lost control. The owner and driver of the motorcycle, Border Patrol Agent (Trainee) James Hearne, was unable to see a vehicle making a left-hand turn as he and Agent Byrd left the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center to drop off a payment for class T-shirts that had been promised to the vendor by close of business on that date. Apparently, when Agents Hearne and Byrd left the training center, the sun was positioned in front of them in such a manner as to make visibility very difficult. When Agent Hearne realized that a vehicle in front of him was about to make a stop (or turn) it was too late to make a safe stop. Agent Hearne made a correction to the left side of the vehicle in an effort to avoid the collision, but lost control of the motorcycle in the attempt. The motorcycle fell to the ground throwing Agent Hearne into the path of the oncoming traffic. However, Agent Byrd was struck by a vehicle in the oncoming traffic and dragged for some distance. He was rushed to Brunswick Memorial Hospital by ambulance, where all efforts to save him failed. He was pronounced dead at approximately 7:00 p.m. by the attending physician. Both Agents Byrd and Hearne were attending the 151th Session of the U.S. Border Patrol Academy, Glynco, Georgia, when the accident occurred. Border Patrol Agent (Trainee) Byrd was a high academic achiever and was regarded with high esteem by the members of his class.

​Gravesite


2017

Rogelio Martinez

Date of Birth                       January 15, 1981
Entered on Duty:                August 12, 2013
Title:                                     Border Patrol Agent
End of Watch:                     November 19, 2017
 
Details:
On November 18, 2017, Border Patrol Agent Rogelio Martinez was patrolling along Interstate 10 in a remote area outside of Van Horn, Texas, when fellow agents were alerted that he and another agent were in distress.  When fellow agents located Agent Martinez, he was unresponsive and severely injured.  Agent Martinez was taken to the local hospital in Van Horn and later transported to a medical center in El Paso, Texas, where he succumbed to his injuries on November 19, 2017. 
 
Agent Martinez entered on duty with the U.S. Border Patrol on August 12, 2013, as a member of the 1018th session of the Border Patrol Academy, and he was assigned to the Van Horn Station in the Big Bend Sector.  Agent Martinez served with the United States Border Patrol for over 4 years.

​Gravesite

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    Clifford Gill

    Blog author, retired U.S. Border Patrol Assistant Chief and, current U.S. Border Patrol employee advocate.

    ​Read more about Cliff here.


    Ray Harris

    Site founder and owner, former Supervisory Border Patrol Agent and retired Immigration Special Agent.

    ​Read more about Ray here.


    Joseph Banco

    U.S. Border Patrol historian and retired Deputy Chief Patrol Agent.

    ​Read more about Joe here.


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